Pelvic Floor Dysfunction: Symptoms, Causes and Treatments
Everything You Need to Know

Pelvic floor muscles play an integral role in urinary, bowel, and sexual functioning. Additionally, they function as part of our core and support our pelvic organs. They are part of our pelvic girdle (the bones that support your hips and connect your legs to your spine). Most people do not know they even have pelvic floor muscles until issues arise and they begin to search for help and care. Because the nature of the symptoms can fall under the umbrella of urologic, gynecologic, and colorectal disciplines, people with symptoms often seek out the help of these providers. Recent studies have shown that medical schools do not currently include pelvic floor dysfunction training in their curricula, which is leading to diagnostic confusion and delays for suffering patients.

Pelvic floor dysfunction is a neuromuscular condition that must involve the care of a skilled pelvic floor physical or occupational therapist to establish a proper diagnosis and effective treatment plan. The therapists at the Pelvic Health and Rehabilitation Center have undergone extensive training in the management of pelvic floor dysfunction and are prepared and ready to help.

What is the Pelvic Floor?

The pelvic floor muscles are bowl-like muscles inside the pelvic girdle. They attach at the pelvic girdle. They are loosely grouped as superficial or deep.

The superficial muscles, also known as the urogenital diaphragm, include the bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles, and the urethral and anal sphincter muscles.

The deep layer consists of the levator ani muscle group, which includes the pubococcygeus, puborectalis, iliococcygeus, and coccygeus.

Additionally, the obturator internus and piriformis muscles are external rotators of the hip and also have portions of their muscle bellies that communicate with the pelvic floor muscles. While these two muscles are external hip rotators, they also play a role in pelvic floor muscle function and dysfunction.

The pelvic floor muscles have unique innervation (nerve supply) in that they reflexively work with our core, bladder, and bowel function. However, we also have the ability to override the autonomic control. These muscles are always active because of these reflexive loops. When the muscles become impaired, they might be too tight, too weak, or have dysfunctional neuromuscular control. When this happens, people can experience bladder, bowel, sexual dysfunction, pelvic organ prolapse, and pelvic floor, girdle, hip, and lower back pain.

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Symptoms of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction

Pelvic floor dysfunction can manifest in a range of symptoms, which generally fall into five categories: urinary, bowel, sexual dysfunction, musculoskeletal, and/or neuropathic pelvic pain.
Historically, pelvic floor dysfunction was oversimplified into what was called ‘low-tone’ and ‘high-tone’ pelvic floor disorders.

The ‘low-tone’ pelvic floor disorders included symptoms such as urinary and fecal incontinence (loss of bladder or bowel control), pelvic organ prolapse (when pelvic organs drop from their normal position), and post-prostatectomy and other surgical repairs, and are associated with lifetime milestones involving physiologic change such as the post-partum period (the time after childbirth) and perimenopause and menopause. These symptoms and time frames leave the pelvic floor muscles vulnerable to impaired neuromuscular control (disruption in the communication between nerves and muscles), which can result in weakness and poor endurance.

The ‘high-tone’ pelvic floor disorders were associated with symptoms of urogenital pain (pain in the urinary or genital region), irritative bladder symptoms (frequent or urgent need to urinate), and sexual pain and were more commonly identified in adolescents through aging adults of all sexes. While aging adults often suffer from sexual pain disorders, early pelvic pain research separated out premenopausal and menopausal women to show that muscular dysfunction and sexual pain can exist in premenopausal years as well.

However, emerging research on pelvic floor disorders has broadened our understanding of the syndrome, and we now understand people with any pelvic floor diagnosis or cluster of symptoms can have muscle dysfunction that includes elevated or reduced EMG findings (or tone), impaired neuromuscular control (disruption in nerve-to-muscle signaling), impaired lumbo-pelvic-hip biomechanics (issues with how the lower back, pelvis, and hips move together), muscle pain, weakness and endurance challenges.

Problems in how the body functions can happen at any age and in all sexes. Appropriate interdisciplinary care that includes pelvic floor physical and occupational therapy allows us to collaborate to establish the proper differential diagnosis and care plan.

1. Urinary Symptoms

Bladder changes are a common symptom of pelvic floor dysfunction. These symptoms can vary in severity from barely noticeable to severely limiting. Examples of urinary symptoms that are associated with pelvic floor dysfunction are listed below. Patients may experience some of these symptoms or a combination of multiple symptoms on this list.

• Stress Incontinence, which is the involuntary leaking of urine when coughing, laughing, sneezing, or during exercise, this is also common after pelvic surgeries, including prostatectomy
• Urge Incontinence, which is the involuntary urinary leaking when the urge strikes, such as putting the key in the front door to head to the bathroom
• Mixed Incontinence, which is a combination of both stress and urge incontinence
• Bladder pain, involves discomfort or pain in the bladder region, upon bladder filling or without bladder filling
• Urethral pain, which can occur unprovoked (spontaneous) or in a provoked situation such as in response to touch, urination, or clothing or sitting. Urethral pain can also occur before, during, and after urination
• Urgency/frequency, which is the feeling of needing to urinate urgently, even when the bladder isn’t full, can lead to frequency which refers to an increased number of trips to the bathroom
• Urinary hesitancy, involves difficulty starting the urine stream or having a
slow flow
• Climacturia, which is leaking urine with orgasm

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Causes of Urinary Issues/Bladder Dysfunction

Tight, weak, and discoordinated pelvic floor and girdle muscles can cause urinary dysfunction. There are a number of reasons pelvic floor muscles can become dysfunctional, key reasons are listed below.

• Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs), urinary tract infections are considered recurrent if someone has more than 2 in a 6-month period or more than 3 in one year, the bladder irritation from the infection triggers the viscero-somatic reflex and pelvic floor dysfunction can occur and can continue to mimic the symptoms of a UTI in the absence of infection
• Hormonal deficiencies, specifically the Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause (GSM), the Genitourinary Syndrome of Lactation (GSL), and Hormonally Mediated Vestibulodynia in premenopausal women can cause irritation of the vestibule, which houses the urethra, and these deficiencies also cause pelvic floor dysfunction
• Hormonally mediated vestibulodynia can be caused by medications that suppress free testosterone, including oral contraceptives, GnRH agonists, and acne medications
• Biomechanical or structural dysfunction, including hip dysfunction, sacroiliac joint dysfunction, piriformis syndrome, scoliosis, leg length discrepancy
• Pelvic Floor Dysfunction, involving tight, weak, or discoordinated pelvic muscles
• Pelvic Organ Prolapse, which occurs when the pelvic organs descend into the vaginal canal and cause urinary symptoms
• Endometriosis, constipation, and gastrointestinal distress or bloating, which cause increased pressure on the pelvic floor and bladder and can cause urinary symptoms

Treatment for Urinary Issues/Bladder Dysfunction

The American Urological Association published guidelines in 2011, 2014, and 2022 stating that manual pelvic floor physical therapy is the first-line treatment for people with irritative bladder symptoms associated with the diagnosis of Interstitial Cystitis/painful Bladder Syndrome. The International Continence Society also recommends physical therapy as first-line treatment for people with urinary leaking. Once lower urinary tract pathology is ruled out or being treated, an evaluation with a pelvic floor physical or occupational therapist is warranted.

A trained therapist will assess your pelvic floor and girdle muscles, neuromuscular control, and will evaluate biomechanics and strength, length, and endurance, as well as peripheral nerves and the central nervous system.

Treatment often involves manual therapy, neuromuscular re-education, home exercises, patient education, and help with plan of care coordination when other providers are also involved.

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2. Bowel Symptoms

Bowel dysfunction can cause significant discomfort and distress. Many people experience symptoms like constipation, difficulty evacuating stool, anal pain, and/or fecal incontinence due to pelvic floor issues.

• Straining to evacuate stool, involves difficulty or pain when passing stool
• Constipation, involves infrequent or difficult bowel movements
• Fecal or gas leakage, which is involuntary leakage of stool or gas
• Hemorrhoids and fissures, which are painful, swollen veins in the rectum or tears in the anal lining
• Anal/Rectal pain, involves burning, itching, or pain before, during, or after bowel movements or spontaneous unprovoked pain, symptoms can also be triggered with exercise, sitting, or clothing

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Causes of Bowel Symptoms

Bowel issues from pelvic floor dysfunction can result from:

• Medication-induced constipation, including opiates, mood stabilizers, oral contraceptives
• Pelvic Floor Muscle Dyssynergia, occurs when muscles are either too tight, too weak, or uncoordinated
• Peripheral nerve injuries, caused by childbirth, chronic straining, or surgical trauma
• Visceral-somatic consequences, which includes gastrointestinal issues such as IBS, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth)
• Conditions like anal fissures and hemorrhoids, which are often caused by faulty bowel mechanics and are a sign of pelvic floor dysfunction (they are also painful and can cause further pelvic floor dysfunction and pain in response to the irritation from these tissues themselves)

Treatment for Bowel Issues

Pelvic floor physical and occupational therapy are key treatment options for bowel dysfunction. A pelvic floor physical or occupational therapist will assess the coordination and strength of the pelvic floor muscles and create a treatment plan focused on improving muscle control. Treatments might include exercises to improve coordination, manual therapy, and biofeedback to help regain control over bowel movements.

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3. Sexual Dysfunction Symptoms

Sexual dysfunction is associated with pelvic floor dysfunction in all genders and ages.

Symptoms of Sexual Dysfunction in People with Penises

• Erectile Dysfunction, involves poor quality, and inability to achieve or maintain an erection, which can occur in men of any age and is also a common complication after prostatectomy
• Premature Ejaculation, involves the inability to delay ejaculation
• Decreased Force or Inability to ejaculate, involves weak ejaculation or no ejaculation at all
• Post-ejaculatory pain, involves pain in the tip or shaft of the penis, perineum, or scrotum after ejaculation
• Penile, scrotal, and perineal pain, burning or itching
• Climacturia, involves leaking urine with orgasm
• Sexual dysfunction is common in diagnoses such as Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Pudendal Neuralgia

Causes of Sexual Dysfunction in People with Penises

Pelvic floor dysfunction is a source of sexual dysfunction. It can arise during the following scenarios:

• Pelvic Pain Syndromes, associated with pelvic floor dysfunction (Pudendal Neuralgia, Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome)
• Post-Surgical Effects, prostatectomy, pelvic floor reconstruction, genital surgeries (gender-affirming surgery)
• Medications, specifically medications that affect sexual function or arousal
• Cardiovascular Disease, leading to erectile dysfunction
• Jelqing, a manual stretching exercise is sometimes used to enhance penile size
• Genital Mutilation or Cutting, contributing to pelvic pain and dysfunction

Symptoms of Sexual Dysfunction in People with Vulvas

• Pain with vaginal penetration, involves discomfort during superficial vaginal insertion or deep penetration or both
• Decreased lubrication, involves the inability or reduced ability to lubricate
• Clitoral pain, involves hypersensitivity or pain with touch, persistent genital arousal disorder, provoked or unprovoked
• Pain and/or burning before, during, or after sexual activity, which involves lingering pain or burning sensation following sexual contact
• Inability to orgasm, involves reduced or absent ability to achieve orgasm
• Climacturia, involves leaking urine with orgasm

Causes of Sexual Dysfunction in People with Vulvas

• Pelvic floor dysfunction is a primary cause of sexual dysfunction and commonly arises during the following scenarios
• Sexual dysfunction and pain is common in diagnoses such as Endometriosis, Vulvodynia, Vaginismus, Vestibulodynia, GSM, GSL, Interstitial Cystitis and Pudendal Neuralgia
• Post-surgical effects, including episiotomy, vestibulectomy, mesh excision, pelvic floor reconstruction, obstetric repair
• Hormonal deficiencies, including GSM, GSL, hormonal mediated vestibulodynia in response to medications such as OCPs, GnRh agonists, acne medications

Treatment for Sexual Dysfunction

Treatment for sexual dysfunction includes pelvic therapy and possibly medical management if hormonal deficiencies and/or infections are problematic. A trained therapist will assess your pelvic floor and girdle muscles, and neuromuscular control and will evaluate biomechanics and strength, length, and endurance as well as peripheral nerves and the central nervous system. Treatment often involves manual therapy, neuromuscular re-education and home exercises, patient education, and help with plan of care coordination when other providers are also involved.

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Postpartum Sexual Dysfunction Symptoms

• Genitourinary Syndrome Of Lactation (GSL), where hormonal deficiencies can cause superficial vulvar pain
• Vulvovaginal and perineal pain, which is pain in the perineum from episiotomy, levator ani avulsion, or obstetric instrument trauma
• Diminished or absent orgasm, which is the reduced ability to experience orgasm
• Incontinence during orgasm, involves leaking urine during sexual activity or orgasm
• Painful sex, which involves discomfort or pain during intercourse

Causes of Postpartum Sexual Dysfunction

• Pelvic floor dysfunction and GSL are the two main causes of postpartum sexual dysfunction
• Pelvic trauma from childbirth, including perineal tears or episiotomies
• Postpartum healing delays

Treatment for Postpartum Sexual Dysfunction

Treatment for sexual dysfunction includes pelvic therapy and possibly medical management if hormonal deficiencies and/or infections are problematic. A trained therapist will assess your pelvic floor and girdle muscles, and neuromuscular control and will evaluate biomechanics and strength, length, and endurance as well as peripheral nerves and the central nervous system. Treatment often involves manual therapy, neuromuscular re-education and home exercises, patient education, and help with plan of care coordination when other providers are also involved.

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Genitourinary Syndrome of Menopause Symptoms

• Hormonal deficiencies and pelvic floor dysfunction are sources of irritative bladder and vulvovaginal pain in menopause
• Decreased lubrication, which is the inability or difficulty lubricating
• Pain with penetration, which is pain and/or tearing during vaginal penetration
• Clitoral pain
• Diminished or absent orgasm, involves reduced or absent ability to achieve orgasm
• Urinary urgency, frequency, hesitancy, pain
• Recurrent vaginal and urinary tract infections

Causes of Menopausal Sexual Dysfunction

• Pelvic floor dysfunction
• Decreased hormone levels
• Pelvic Surgeries

Treatment for Menopausal Sexual Dysfunction

Treatment for menopausal sexual dysfunction includes pelvic therapy and possibly medical management if hormonal deficiencies and/or infections are problematic. A trained therapist will assess your pelvic floor and girdle muscles, and neuromuscular control and will evaluate biomechanics and strength, length, and endurance as well as peripheral nerves and the central nervous system. Treatment often involves manual therapy, neuromuscular re-education and home exercises, patient education, and help with plan of care coordination when other providers are also involved.

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4. Musculoskeletal Pelvic Pain Symptoms

Musculoskeletal pelvic pain is another common issue associated with pelvic floor dysfunction. This type of pain can be caused by muscle imbalances, joint dysfunction, or nerve entrapment in the pelvic region. It is important to note that pelvic floor dysfunction causes urinary, bowel and sexual dysfunction listed above and below. In addition to the interruption to these normal daily function people may also feel provoked pain in the trunk and pelvis as result of pelvic floor dysfunction.

Symptoms can include:

• Vulvovaginal or Penile/Scrotal Pain, involves pain or discomfort in the genital region (provoked or unprovoked)
• Anal pain
• Pelvic Girdle Pain, involves pain around the pelvic bones or joints
• Sitting Pain, involves discomfort in the genitopelvic area and bony pelvis when attempting to sit or after prolonged sitting
• Exercise or clothing intolerance, involves difficulty exercising or wearing tight clothing due to pelvic pain or exacerbation of urinary, bowel, or sexual symptoms

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Causes of Musculoskeletal Pelvic Pain

• Pelvic floor muscle tightness, weakness, discoordination issues
• Viscro-somatic reflex issues, such as in response to visceral diseases or infections
• Orthopedic injuries or traumas, involving hip dysfunction, sacro-iliac joint dysfunction, piriformis syndrome, leg length discrepancy
• Peripheral neuralgias, such as pudendal neuralgia, ilioinguinal or genitofemoral neuralgia, sciatica, etc
• Diseases such as Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome, Endometriosis, Vulvodynia, Vaginismus, Vestibulodynia, Interstitial Cystitis/painful Bladder Syndrome, Pudendal Neuralgia

Treatment for Musculoskeletal Pelvic Pain

Pelvic floor physical and occupational therapy specialists can provide significant relief for those experiencing musculoskeletal pelvic pain. Treatment typically focuses on individualized impairments to address muscle, connective tissue, biomechanical and peripheral nerve, and central nervous system dysfunction.

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5. Symptoms of Pudendal and Pelvic Neuralgias

Pelvic floor physical and occupational therapy specialists can provide significant relief for those experiencing musculoskeletal pelvic pain. Treatment typically focuses on individualized impairments to address muscle, connective tissue, biomechanical and peripheral nerve, and central nervous system dysfunction.

The term ‘neuralgia’ means neuropathic pain in the distribution of a nerve. Symptoms of pudendal neuralgia include:

• Burning, shooting, stabbing pain in the genitals, perineum, or anus
• Urinary urgency, frequency, burning before, during, or after urination
• Pain before, during, or after bowel movements
• Pain before, during, or after sexual activity and orgasm
• Symptoms are worse when sitting versus standing or lying down
• Symptoms can be provoked by trunk flexion, hip flexion, external rotation of the hip, and certain exercises/activities such as squats, lunges, walking uphill, and sitting

Multiple nerves innervate the pelvic region, including the list below. The symptoms of pudendal neuralgia (including burning, shooting, or stabbing in pain) can occur in some or all of the structures the involved nerve supplies sensation to.

• Ilioinguinal Nerve
• Genitofemoral Nerve
• Illiohypogastric Nerve
• Posterior Femoral Cutaneous Nerve
• Sciatic Nerve
• Obturator Nerve
• Pudendal Nerve

Pudendal neuralgia is a condition that causes pelvic pain and can lead to issues with urination, bowel movements, and sexual function. The pudendal nerve originates from sacral nerve roots two, three, and four and takes a complex route through the pelvis. This route includes the pelvic floor muscles, sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments, and Alcock’s Canal. Along its path, the nerve splits into branches, making sharp angles and turns, which increases its risk of injury.

The pudendal nerve’s sensory coverage includes the vulva (clitoris, labia major/minora, vestibule), the penis and scrotum, the last third of the urethra and rectum, the anal and urinary sphincters, the perineum, and pelvic floor muscles. It is a unique mixed nerve, meaning it contains sensory, motor, and autonomic fibers. These components allow it to provide feeling, muscle movement, and voluntary and involuntary control of urinary, bowel, sexual function and muscle activation.

Causes of Pudendal and Pelvic Neuralgias

Symptoms of neuralgia occur when the nerve is compromised in a manner that interrupts its ability to slide, glide, and move normally. Common causes of pelvic neuralgias include:

• Surgical scars from hernia repairs, cesarean section, laparoscopic abdominal and pelvic surgeries
• External trauma such as car accidents or falls
• Musculoskeletal and joint dysfunction
• Hernias

The pudendal nerve has a more complicated course than other pelvic nerves, making it more prone to injury. The aponeurosis (a flat, strong layer of connective tissue) of the obturator internus muscles forms a fascial canal (a tunnel made of connective tissue) called Alcock’s Canal, which houses a main branch of the pudendal nerve. Common causes of pudendal neuralgia include:

• Obturator Internus, Piriformis, and/or pelvic floor dysfunction
• Altered lumbo-pelvic-hip mechanics
• Compression issues (sitting, cycling, horseback riding)
• Tension issues (constipation, childbirth, heavy weight lifting involving squats/lunges)
• Surgical insult (pelvic organ prolapse repair, prostatectomy)

Treatment of Pudendal and Pelvic Neuralgias

Most cases of pelvic and pudendal neuralgias have a neuro-muscular pelvic floor and girdle component. Therefore, pelvic floor physical or occupational therapy should always be offered as a first-line treatment for these syndromes. Because these syndromes affect urinary, bowel, and sexual dysfunction as well as daily comfort and ability to perform professional and recreational activities, interdisciplinary care that includes the following treatments can be the most effective:

• Pelvic floor physical or occupational therapy
• Pharmacologic management with a pain management doctor
• Procedural interventions (nerve blocks, botox injections to surrounding dysfunctional muscles, regenerative injections such as PRP or stem cells, dry needling)
• Pain Science education and stress management strategies
• Temporary lifestyle modifications
• Surgical intervention in cases of suspected entrapment

Post-Gynecologic Cancer Treatment Symptoms

• Pelvic pain, involves persistent discomfort or sharp pain in the pelvic region
• Urinary symptoms, involves urinary urgency, frequency, incontinence, or difficulty emptying the bladder
• Bowel symptoms, involves constipation, fecal incontinence, or painful bowel movements
• Pain with penetration, involves discomfort or pain during vaginal penetration or other sexual activities
• Vaginal dryness or tightness, involves reduced lubrication or sensation of vaginal constriction
• Decreased orgasmic function, involves difficulty or inability to achieve orgasm
• Muscle weakness or spasms, involves weakness in the pelvic floor muscles or painful spasms
• Pelvic heaviness or pressure, involves a sensation of fullness or pressure in the pelvis
• Scar pain, involves hypersensitivity or discomfort around surgical or radiation treatment sites

Post-Gynecologic Cancer Treatment Causes of Pelvic Pain

• Surgical effects, such as scar tissue formation, altered anatomy, or nerve damage from procedures like hysterectomy, oophorectomy, or lymph node removal
• Radiation therapy, involving pelvic floor tissue damage, fibrosis, or inflammation due to radiation exposure
• Hormonal changes, decreased estrogen levels causing vaginal tissue compromise or genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM)
• Chemotherapy side effects, which impact tissue health and muscle function
• Pelvic muscle overactivity, involving muscle tension or spasms triggered by pain or trauma from treatment
• Nerve damage, the injury to pelvic nerves during surgery or radiation
• Psychological factors, including anxiety, depression, or PTSD related to cancer diagnosis and treatment
• Lymphedema, swelling and discomfort in the pelvic area due to lymphatic damage
• Adhesions, internal scar tissue causing restricted movement and pain

Post-Gynecologic Cancer Treatment Pain Treatment

• Pelvic floor Physical or Occupational Therapy is warranted after cancer treatment
• Therapies may include manual therapy, dilator therapy, neuromuscular re-education, homes exercise program development, patient education

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Post-Prostatectomy Symptoms

• Urinary incontinence
• Urinary urgency, frequency, nocturia
• Erectile Dysfunction
• Pelvic and Perineal Pain
• Diastasis Recti

Causes of Post-Prostatectomy

Surgical procedures such as:

• Simple prostatectomy
• Radical prostatectomy
• Robotic-assisted prostatectomy
• Laprascopic prostatectomy
• Single-port radical prostatectomy

Treatments for Post-Prostatectomy

Research shows that men who undergo pelvic floor prehab (physical or occupational therapy prior to surgery) have a reduced risk of urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Studies also show that men who have post-prostatectomy rehab within one year of surgery have significantly less urinary leakage and sexual dysfunction. Treatment includes:

• Manual therapy
• Neuromuscular re-education
• Home Exercise Program Development
• Patient Education

What To Expect During Your Appointment

When you arrive for your first appointment at PHRC, our primary goal is to understand your pelvic health concerns. During this initial consultation, your therapist will ask about your medical history, including any previous pelvic surgeries, childbirth experiences, or conditions that might contribute to symptoms such as urinary issues, bowel dysfunction, sexual pain, musculoskeletal pelvic pain, or pudendal and pelvic neuralgias. This thorough discussion will help us determine the best approach for your care. We are also looking to understand what providers, if any, are currently involved in your care and listening for issues that might need additional medical management.

A physical examination will follow, where your pelvic floor physical or occupational therapist will evaluate the muscles, tissues, and nerves in the trunk, pelvic girdle, and pelvic floor muscles. This examination may include checking for muscle and connective tissue pain, tightness, weakness, or imbalances that could be affecting your pelvic floor function. We also assess how well your muscles coordinate during breathing and movement, which is helpful for managing functions like urination, bowel movements, and sexual activity.

Once the physical examination is complete, your pelvic floor physical or occupational therapist will provide you with an assessment. This assessment links your history to your current symptoms and findings from the physical examination. It is important for us to develop a working theory as to how your pain and dysfunction began and which physical impairments are contributing. Often multiple factors are involved, both in terms of the musculoskeletal system and possibly other symptoms as well.

Part of the assessment involves setting both short-term and long-term goals. Short-term goals focus on specific issues, like reducing pelvic floor muscle pain to ease discomfort during sex or improving pelvic floor muscle control to address urinary symptoms. Long-term goals are more focused on overall function, such as helping the patient have enjoyable, pain-free intercourse or reducing the need to urinate more than eight times a day without pain or hesitation.

You and your therapist will work together to create a treatment plan, deciding how often and for how long you’ll have sessions. This plan will guide you toward relieving your symptoms and reaching both your short-term and long-term goals.

The in-person clinical treatment plan is usually weekly and includes manual therapy, neuromuscular re-education, patient education, therapeutic exercise, and home exercise program development. Short-term goals can usually be achieved in 12 weeks. Treatment plans are dynamic and will evolve over time as impairments reduce and improvement is made. As therapists, we are afforded more time with our patients than our medical colleagues are, therefore, we will also communicate with other providers to ensure medical management is also organized and coordinated with the plan of care at PHRC.

Find Relief From PHRC

At PHRC, our goal is to provide compassionate and comprehensive care to help you manage and overcome pain from pelvic floor dysfunction. By understanding the underlying causes and providing targeted treatments, our goal is to improve your quality of life and restore your health.

We also recognize the challenges some people might face in accessing in-person care, which is why we offer virtual sessions through telehealth after your initial consultation. These sessions allow for continuity of care and accessibility for those unable to travel to one of our clinics.